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Localizing development : does participation work?

Concept notes and papers

Promoting participation through community development projects and local decentralization has become a central tenet of development policy. The World Bank alone has invested about $85 billion over the last decade on development assistance for participation. However, some observers feel that policy making in the area is conceptually weak, that project design is informed more by slogans than careful analysis. There have also been questions about whether participatory development is effective in reducing poverty, improving service delivery, and building the capacity for collective action. Some observers also find that participatory projects are complex to implement and deeply affected by context, and are thus unsuited for large development institutions such as the World Bank. This groundbreaking report carefully examines each of these concerns. It outlines a conceptual framework for participation that is centered on the concept of civil society failure and how it interacts with market and government failures. The authors use this framework to understand the key policy debates surrounding participatory development and to frame the key policy questions. The report conducts the most comprehensive review of the evidence on the impact of participatory projects to date, looking at more than 400 papers and books. The report argues that participatory development is most effective when it works within a “sandwich” formed by support from an effective central state and bottom-up civic action.

Related Publications

Guide for integrating Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into local development plans

Available in English

The Guide to Integrating Sustainable Development Goals into Local Development Plans is part of OIF's efforts to build the capacity of development actors to implement the SDGs. On the chain of acti...

Developed by Organisation internationale de la Franco...

Posted by Local2030

Tools : Strategies and Plans

Localizing the Agenda 2030 - The Mannheim Modell

Available in English

This document presents how the city of Mannheim, Germany, has adopted the 2030 Agenda and planned to localize the SDGs.

Developed by City of Mannheim

Posted by Christian Huebel

Case studies and best practices

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